160 free worksheets
Build confidence with guided writing and longer activities that help you develop your ideas.
Every worksheet is free to preview and download. Use the smaller collections below, or browse by level.
105 worksheets
Complete or form grammar questions, then write personal answers. Includes focused question-and-answer practice rather than extended compositions.
A1 grammar question writing · A2 grammar question writing · B1 grammar question writing · B2 grammar question writing
Browse worksheets →20 worksheets
Answer everyday personal questions in complete sentences, with model responses for language support.
Browse worksheets →34 worksheets
Develop written responses to topic questions using reasons, examples and personal experience. These are prompt-based activities, not full essay lessons.
Browse worksheets →1 worksheet
Use a short model text and comprehension questions to write a personal introduction.
Browse worksheets →Read a short introduction to Alex, answer nine comprehension questions, then write a personal introduction using sentence starters. Includes a separate answer key.
Practise am / is / are at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise subject pronouns and possessive adjectives at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise singular and plural nouns at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise articles a an the at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise this that these those at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise there is there are at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise have got has got at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present simple routines and facts at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present simple questions and negatives at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise can / can't at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise possessive 's at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise object pronouns at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise adverbs of frequency at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise prepositions of place at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise imperatives at A1 level by completing instructions and questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise like, love and hate + -ing at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise basic adjective position at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise and but or because at A1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
An A1 question-writing sheet turns twelve short everyday answers into questions about origin, age, homes, work, colour and time. Bold information guides attention, with model questions on page 2.
A1 Worksheet 2 practises twelve questions about jobs, identity, place, colours, times and routines. Each answer highlights the detail to ask about, with a teacher key for model forms.
The third A1 question sheet uses twelve answers about phone numbers, teachers, feelings, transport, dates and possession. Learners identify the bold information and construct a question that would elicit it.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about family. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about food. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about time and routines. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about house and home. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about music. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about transportation. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about sports. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about friends. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about television. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about work. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about vacation. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about school. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about movies. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about money. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about restaurants. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about animals. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about shopping. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about health and fitness. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about travel. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
An A2 guided-writing worksheet with 12 personal questions about reading. Students write complete answers, then use the page 2 model responses to notice useful sentence patterns.
Personal present-perfect questions with room for complete written responses and example answers for language support.
Practise present continuous at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present simple or present continuous at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past simple at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past simple questions and negatives at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise countable and uncountable nouns at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise some any much many a lot of at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise comparative adjectives at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise superlative adjectives at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise be going to plans and predictions at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present continuous future arrangements at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past continuous at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise should / shouldn't at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise have to / don't have to at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past simple or past continuous at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present perfect experiences at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present perfect just already yet at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise will predictions and quick decisions at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise must / mustn't at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise first conditional at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise too and enough at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise infinitives of purpose at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise indefinite pronouns at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise prepositions of time at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise prepositions of movement at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise adverbs of manner at A2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Write twelve A2 questions from answers with highlighted information, including Bristol, train times, frequency, price and ownership. Model questions and grammar notes explain how to ask for the intended detail.
A second A2 question-building sheet uses twelve answers about a library, ticket prices, journeys, museum hours and everyday activities. Learners write questions targeting the bold information rather than any related question.
Build twelve A2 questions from clues about a dentist visit, a train journey, quantities, reasons and past purchases. The second page supplies models and notes, including a subject-question contrast.
Personal present-perfect questions with room for complete written responses and example answers for language support.
Practise present simple and present continuous at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past simple and past continuous at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present perfect and past simple at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present perfect for and since at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise present perfect continuous at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past perfect at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise narrative tenses at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise used to at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise future forms at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise future time clauses at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise first conditional at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise second conditional at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise modals obligation necessity permission at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise modals possibility at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise modals deduction at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise passive voice at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise reported speech statements at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise reported questions at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise defining relative clauses at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise gerunds and infinitives at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise comparatives and superlatives at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise articles at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise question tags at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise indirect questions at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise so such too enough at B1 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Turn six continuing situations into How long...? questions and full answers. This B1 worksheet combines tense selection with for/since clues, with a separate key that recognises acceptable simple and continuous alternatives.
This B1 sheet asks for twelve questions across continuing situations, past background, future plans, obligation and passive forms. The highlighted answer phrase determines the question, and the key explains important changes in structure.
B1 Worksheet 2 develops twelve questions from answers about ongoing employment, interrupted work, future meetings, advice and passives. An explained key supports checking the meaning requested by each bold phrase.
B1 Worksheet 3 asks learners to create twelve questions about lost documents, long acquaintance, interrupted activities, plans and obligations. Bold answer phrases and a separate model key keep the task precise.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about pet peeves. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about accidents. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about machines. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about earthquakes. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about aliens. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about fast food. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about cars. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about motivation. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about the internet. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about the past. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about friends. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about success. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about celebrities. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about gambling. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about dreams. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about recent experiences. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about drugs and addiction. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about culture shock. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about teenagers. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about phobias and fears. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about retirement. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about poverty. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about plastic and packaging. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about life experiences. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about big questions. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about the future. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about france culture and ideas. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about guns and public safety. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about religion and belief. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about encouragement. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about personal identity. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about honesty. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about money and values. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
A B2 discussion-writing worksheet with eight prompts about fathers and families. Students develop opinions with reasons, examples or personal experience, then compare their work with page 2 model responses.
Practise present perfect simple and continuous at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past perfect simple and continuous at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise advanced narrative tenses at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise future continuous and future perfect at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise future perfect continuous at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise future in the past at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise third conditional at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise mixed conditionals at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise wish and if only at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise would rather and its time at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past modals of deduction at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past criticism and regret at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise passive voice across tenses at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise reporting passives at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise have get something done at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise reported speech reporting verbs at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise non defining relative clauses at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise reduced relative clauses at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise gerunds and infinitives meaning changes at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise used to be used to get used to at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise past habits used to would past simple at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise contrast clauses at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise purpose and result clauses at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise modal meanings at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
Practise quantifiers at B2 level by completing questions, writing personal answers and putting words in order. Includes a model, partner practice and a separate key with sample answers and guidance on alternatives.
